(±)-Penbutolol

(±)-Penbutolol Rac)-Penbutolol) is the racemic mixture of Penbutolol. (±)-Penbutolol is an orally active β-adrenergic receptor antagonist. (±)-Penbutolol antagonizes exercise-induced tachycardia, reduces the increase in peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) caused by exercise, and decreases resting plasma renin activity (PRA). (±)-Penbutolol reaches peak plasma concentration 1 hour after oral administration, with a half-life of 4.5 hours, and is converted into an active metabolite in the body. (±)-Penbutolol can be used in cardiovascular-related disease research.